The biofilm formation inhibitory effect of Holarrhena floribunda and its constituents validates the ethnomedicinal use of the plant in infectious disease treatment and points to the possible presence of other potentially effective antibacterial constituents in the plant. The Buchu has been a favourite plant for South African healers for centuries and is inherited from one generation to the next. After incubation, the planktonic cells were aspirated and the wells were washed with sterile water to remove the free-floating bacteria. was used, and the method description partly reproduces their wording [12]. HF1A, HF1B, and HF1C are isolated compounds. Medicinal plants, also called medicinal herbs, have been discovered and used in traditional medicine practices since prehistoric times. Approximately 3,000 species are used by an estimated 200,000 indigenous traditional healers (Van Wyk et al. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241705. 2020 Nov 3;15(11):e0241705. Seventy medicinal plants used by traditional practitioners for the treatment of skin infections and wounds were documented from the ethnobotanical survey. They were filtered, concentrated on a rotary evaporator, and dried on a water bath. The methanol extracts of the eight plants that showed antibacterial activity were further tested for biofilm inhibitory activity against S. aureus. PLoS One. Compounds HF1A, HF1B, and HF1C (Figure 6) were identified based on comparison of mass spectral, 1H and 13C NMR data to published literature as holonamine, holadienine, and conessine, respectively [15,16]. (a-b) Graphs showing the effect of different concentrations of extracts on the amount of biofilm formed (optical density-OD) by. An ethnopharmacological evaluation of Navapind and Shahpur Virkanin district Sheikupura, Pakistan for their herbal medicines. Togholamine, holaphyllamine, and holaphylline, new alkaloids from the leaves of, M. Janot, A. Cave, and R. Goutarel, “Steroid alkaloids. From the experiments, six out of the eight plant extracts failed to significantly inhibit biofilm formation by S. aureus at concentrations up to 10 mg/mL (Figure 4(a)–4(b)). It is estimated that only 15-20% of the population of Nepal - living in and around urban areas - have access to modern medicinal facilities, whereas the rest depend on traditional medicines [ 11 ]. The significance of medicinal plants as foods INDIGENOUS MEDICINAL PLANTS, TRADITIONAL FOODS, NUTRITION, PREVENT DISEASE Tickets, Fri 27 Nov 2020 at 12:00 | Eventbrite Eventbrite, and certain approved third parties, use functional, analytical and tracking cookies (or similar technologies) to understand your event preferences and provide you with a customised experience. Proportional contributions of plant part in herbal preparations. Chemicals used in the assay were purchased from Sigma and Aldrich chemicals, UK, and Ciprofloxacin was purchased from DENK PHARMA GmbH & Co, Germany. Amjad MS, Zahoor U, Bussmann RW, Altaf M, Gardazi SMH, Abbasi AM. This is because in the biofilm state multiple bacterial species form a polymicrobial community with several advantages including a more efficient DNA sharing and quorum sensing system, passive resistance, and metabolic cooperation, which protects them from antimicrobial agents and host immune responses [5]. Indigenous uses of medicinal plants in North Garo Hills, Meghalaya, NE India Sharma M. * , Sharma C.L. Another study has shown that compounds with efflux pump inhibition may also cause biofilm disruption [39]. Biofilm formation was significantly mitigated by petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of Holarrhena floribunda stem bark. The alkaloids were then extracted with 2.5 L of chloroform. Plants synthesise hundreds of chemical compounds for functions including defence against insects, fungi, diseases, and herbivorous mammals.. 2020 Apr 6;251:112415. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112415. Seventy medicinal plants were documented from the survey (Supplementary Material-Table S1). 2019 Feb 1;15(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s13002-019-0285-4. 2021 Mar 1;267:113200. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113200. Geneva. Descriptive study of plant resources in the context of the ethnomedicinal relevance of indigenous flora: A case study from Toli Peer National Park, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. The RPL and ROP values were calculated to recognize the folk medicinal plant wealth; six out of 32 plant species (19%) were found popular, based on citation by more than half of the maximum number of informant viz. Xinhua.com | Aussie researchers tap native medicinal plants in major agribusiness project This work has provided comprehensive data on the medicinal plants used in the treatment of infection in Ghana. Adhikari JN, Bhattarai BP, Rokaya MB, Thapa TB. Although the antibiofilm inhibitory property of H. floribunda and its constituents was not previously investigated, a recent study demonstrated the resistance-modifying ability of conessine through the inhibition of multidrug efflux pumps [35–38]. A number of researches have documented the utilization of herbal medicines in some Ghanaian communities. Science. In the rural and peri-urban areas like the Ejisu-Juaben district in the Ashanti region of Ghana, access to medical care is limited, and most indigenes rely on herbal medicine practitioners for their primary health needs. Conessine (HF1C) is a well-established constituent of H. floribunda [19]. Holarrhena floribunda stem bark extract has strong biofilm formation inhibition properties, which could be attributed to the presence of steroidal alkaloids. Plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. This review explores the fundamental knowledge on various dermatological properties of medicinal plants of Pakistan and is aimed to provide a baseline for the discovery of new plants having activities against … 26. eCollection 2020. Steroidal alkaloids are the major types of phytoconstituents identified in H. floribunda [16,27,28]. The present work is the first study on ethnobotanical uses of 124 MPs species used by the local tribal communities of Jazan province in the Southwest of Saudi Arabia. Map of Ejisu-Juaben district (Source: Ghana Statistical Service). Some extracts of neotropical rainforest plants have shown remarkable biofilm inhibitory effects [1,6]. This work was supported by the Building Stronger Universities (BSU) Grant, WP3. Plants are providing reliable therapy since time immemorial. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the chiefs of the studied areas and the GNATH. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240555. Majeed M, Bhatti KH, Amjad MS, Abbasi AM, Bussmann RW, Nawaz F, Rashid A, Mehmood A, Mahmood M, Khan WM, Ahmad KS. Ethno-medicinal uses of vertebrates in the Chitwan-Annapurna Landscape, central Nepal. (a), Photomicrographs of adhering bacterial cells (biofilms) stained with 0.1% crystal violet on a glass slide after 24 hours, observed at ×100: (a). Participants were informed of the objectives of the survey and personal visits were made to their homes and practice sites. LXVI. Ethnobotanical data were analyzed using quantitative tools, i.e. Holaphyllamine and holamine, alkaloids from, J. Fig 2. Crude alkaloids (AKL) precipitated from this methanol fraction also showed considerable activity although twofold less active than the methanol fraction (Table 3). indigenous peoples). Seventy plants used by the traditional practitioners for the treatment of skin, wounds, and other infections were documented from the survey (Supplementary Material-Table S1). For the determination of the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations of fractions and pure compounds, a concentration range between 1 and 0.0078 mg/mL was used. S. aureus was therefore selected for the investigation of biofilm formation inhibitory property of H. floribunda. They comprised 43% men and 57% women aged between 21 and 80 years. Also known as the boegoe plant, buchu is used in different forms as a medicine plant, either when making tea or crushed and mixed in vinegar. In terms of medicines, many different parts of plants were used. Sign up here as a reviewer to help fast-track new submissions. Solanum surattense, Withania somnifera, Cyperus rotundus, Solanum nigrum and Melia azedarach were the most utilized medicinal plant species with highest used value. Photomicrographs of bacterial biofilms were recorded at a magnification of ×100 [13]. 2020 Nov 25;16(1):72. doi: 10.1186/s13002-020-00424-x. That I have included food crops as medicinal plants again speaks to the overall concept of New alkaloids from the husks of Holarrhena floribunda (G. Don) Dur. Elikplim Kwesi Ampofo, Isaac Kingsley Amponsah, Evelyn Asante-Kwatia, Francis Ackah Armah, Philip Kobla Atchoglo, Abraham Yeboah Mensah, "Indigenous Medicinal Plants as Biofilm Inhibitors for the Mitigation of Antimicrobial Resistance", Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol. More than 500 plants were used in indigenous medicine. Withania somnifera and Ranunculus sceleratus with maximum FL (100%), were used against gastrointestinal and urinary disorders, respectively. The authors are grateful to Mr. Clifford Asare of the Herbal Medicine Department of Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, KNUST, and the curator of the Herbarium of the Botany Department, University of Ghana. Fraction CF1 (9.5 g) was further purified by column chromatography to obtain sixty-three fractions bulked into six subfractions, which were labeled HF1, HF2, HF3, HF4, HF5, and HF6. Herbal medicines are highly valued and enjoy patronage by a large number of the populace due to its acceptability, affordability, and perceived safety [9]. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. The chloroform extract was concentrated by evaporation on a rotary evaporator to yield 52.4 g of crude alkaloidal fraction. An overview on ethnobotanico-pharmacological studies carried out in Morocco, from 1991 to 2015: Systematic review (part 1). Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Bioassay-guided fractionation of the bioactive alkaloidal fraction revealed the presence of the steroidal alkaloids, holonamine (HF1A), holadienine (HF1B), and conessine (HF1C), which also showed considerable antibiofilm forming activity. They were authenticated according to their respective features on selective media, maintained in 30% glycerol broth and stored at −40°C in a frost-free freezer. 2020 Dec 14;6(12):e05562. COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. Many Caribbean indigenous plants now identified solely as food crops were also valued by my ancestors for their medicinal properties. The interviews were followed by the collection of plants under the supervision of three traditional healers. Furthermore, the biofilm formation inhibitory activities of selected plant extracts were investigated and some bioactive constituents identified. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05562. This was first determined qualitatively from photomicrographs of glass slides with adhering bacterial biofilms stained with 0.1% crystal violet (Figure 3). The test was carried out in 96-well microtiter plates. [40], which reported synergistic antibacterial activity of steroidal alkaloids isolated from Holarrhena antidysenterica against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Medicinal plants form the basis of traditional or indigenous health systems used, in the estimate of the World Health Organization, by the majority of the population of most developing countries. Epub 2020 Aug 1. Introduction The role played by indigenous knowledge on conservation of medicinal plants is extensively acknowledged [1] [2]. Three extracts, pet-ether (PHE), ethyl acetate (EHE), and methanol (MHE) fractions, were prepared from the crude extract and tested for biofilm inhibitory activity. Quantitative assessment of biofilm formation was done using the Crystal Violet (CV) assay as described by Sasirekha et al. Coarsely powdered stem bark of H. floribunda (3.49 kg) was Soxhlet-extracted successively using 3 L each of petroleum ether (pet-ether), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and methanol (MeOH) for 48 hours. Copyright © 2020 Elikplim Kwesi Ampofo et al. The raw data/results from experiments used to arrive at the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request. A majority of respondents (77%) indicated that they harvested their plants from the wild (including collections from a nearby arboretum in the district, Bobiri Forest Reserve) and the rest they cultivated in their farms and backyards (23%). For all assays, the working culture was prepared by standard dilution in distilled water and the bacterial suspension was adjusted to a turbidity matching that of 0.5 McFarland Standard (containing ∼108 colony forming units (CFU)/mL) according to the CLSI guidelines [10,11]. The district lies within a semi-deciduous forest zone where flora and fauna is diverse and composed of different species of both economic and ornamental importance. were remedies for coughs and colds, while the gum from gum trees, which is … Demographic data of local informants…. indigenous medicinal plants knowledge from their family members and friends secretly. In this study, an ethnobotanical survey was undertaken in the Ejisu-Juaben district to obtain comprehensive data on plant-based remedies commonly used by traditional healers to treat infection. 2020 Oct 30;15(10):e0240555. Epub 2014 Jan 7. The isolated compounds demonstrated varying degrees of biofilm formation inhibitory properties. Ethno-veterinary uses of Poaceae in Punjab, Pakistan. Mahmood A, Mahmood A, Malik RN, Shinwari ZK. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! The rank order of biofilm-producing ability was S. aureus > S. pyogenes > E. coli > P. aeruginosa > K. pneumoniae. All the traditional healers interviewed belonged to the Akan tribe. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2005; 100: 43–49. A prior informed consent form (translated into the local dialect) was given to the participants to sign after the objectives of the study had been explained. Aziz MA, Khan AH, Adnan M, Izatullah I. To this end, the indigenous knowledge on medicinal plants and non-plant remedies has not been systematically documented and studied in the Dawuro … A. Badmus, O. E. Ekpo, F. Rautenbach, J. L. Marnewick, A. The use of medicinal plants has been a part of people’s healing traditions worldwide, probably from humans’ earliest beginnings. … The diversity of medicinal plant species and associated traditional knowledge is significant in primary health care system. Methods: general experimental procedures. The antibacterial activity of Holarrhena species has been attributed to the presence of steroidal alkaloids [22,32–34]. The use of antimalarial plants as traditional treatment in Papua Island, Indonesia. Would you like email updates of new search results? 2013; 148: 714–723. 2014 Feb 27;152(1):135-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.12.037. These compounds have been previously reported from H. floribunda and other Holarrhena species [15,16,19]. Fig 3. and the description partly reproduces their wording [6]. Briefly, 100 μL of sterile liquid broth medium was inoculated with 10 μL of standardized overnight culture of the selected bacterium, and volumes of plant extracts reconstituted in distilled water were added to obtain concentrations of 10, 5, 2.5, and 1.25 mg/mL. Zahoor M, Yousaf Z, Aqsa T, Haroon M, Saleh N, Aftab A, Javed S, Qadeer M, Ramazan H. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. This is the time to sweat more and breed less as we research more on indigenous medicinal plants for yield of innovations and inventions before the knowledge holders disappear to … -, Gilani AH, Atta-ur-Rahman. A. Hussein, and D. C. Hiss, “Isolation and antioxidant activity of flavonoids from, A. Loukaci, O. Kayser, K.-U. The experiment was performed in triplicate. 2017 May 8;13(1):27. doi: 10.1186/s13002-017-0151-1. An alkaloidal fraction (AKL) was further prepared from MHE and purified by column and high-performance liquid chromatography to yield the compounds HF1A, HF1B, and HF1C (Figure 5). Njoroge G, Bussmann R, Gemmill B, Newton L, Ngumi V. Utilization of weed species as source of traditional medicines in central Kenya. Among families Lamiaceae dominated over other families by donating 08 medicinal plant species followed by Apiaceae (07) and Asteraceae (06). MHE showed the highest biofilm formation inhibitory effect with an MBIC of 0.0625 mg/mL (Table 3). Forty out of the seventy plants were collected and their methanol extracts evaluated for antimicrobial activity by the agar diffusion assay. eCollection 2017. 2002; Fact Sheet. Resistant clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (A), Streptococcus pyogenes clinical strain (B), Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (C), Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 (D), and Klebsiella pneumonia clinical strain (E) were obtained from the Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, KNUST, and used for the study. In a previous study, the hydroalcoholic extract H. antidysenterica inhibited the formation of biofilm in opportunistic pathogenic Salmonella typhimurium [41]. Extracts that showed antibacterial activity were tested for biofilm inhibitory activity, and the most active plant was subsequently purified to obtain the active constituents. The ethnobotanical survey was carried out in May, 2016, with the help of some members of the Ghana National Association of Traditional Healers, Ashanti region (GNATH), a subunit of the Ghana federation of traditional healers associations (GHAFTRAM). J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. J Ethnopharmacol. No Scientific Name Local Name Family Place Parts Used 1 Acacia catechu Willd. Traditional indigenous medicinal plants The sacred medicines Tobacco, sage, cedar, and sweetgrass are some of the fundamental and most important traditional medicines of … doi: Cox PA.Will tribal knowledge survive the millennium? : Selected plants for biofilm formation inhibitory activity. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov, Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus, Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. Among the tested plants, Holarrhena floribunda stem bark exhibited the highest biofilm formation inhibitory activity against S. aureus. PLoS One. These were Bridelia stenocarpa (MBS), Anogeissus sericea (MAS), Trichilia lanata (MTL), Grossera vignei (MGV), Acacia ataxacantha (MAA), Albizia ferruginea (MAF), Holarrhena floribunda (MHF), and Triplochiton scleroxylon (MTS) (Figure 2). Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a major public health concern worldwide as it reduces the effectiveness of antibiotic therapies and increases morbidity, mortality, and health care costs [1]. Indigenous Medicinal Plants Distribution of Some Indigenous Medicinal Plants Sl. Trends in ethnopharmacology. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Thus, fractionation of the stem bark extract of H. floribunda, to some extent, afforded much potent antibiofilm methanol fraction, which owed its activity, in part, to its constituent alkaloids. Fig 2. Quantitative Ethnobotanical Study of Indigenous Knowledge on Medicinal Plants Used by the Tribal Communities of Gokand Valley, District Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited The current study reveals that screening of indigenous medicinal plants could unravel potential leads to salvage the declining efficacy of conventional antibiotics. Flavonoids, fatty acid esters, and trichothecenes have also been reported [29–31]. Native mints (Mentha spp.) Environmental Service Facebook is showing information to help you better understand the purpose of a Page. Holarrhena floribunda is well known in African traditional medicine for the treatment of malaria, diarrhea, dysentery, diabetes, skin diseases, swellings, and urinary and sexually transmitted infections [20,21]. A majority of respondents (61%) had practiced for more than 15 years. | In this study, medicinal plants traditionally used for the treatment of infections in the Ejisu-Juaben district have been documented through an ethnobotanical survey. It is estimated that approximately 34% of medicinal plants are used to treat diseases of the digestive tract. Documentation of such useful medicinal plants is important to facilitate future research on the efficacy of these plants and allow for the appropriate incorporation of the most effective herbal remedies into primary health care. This assertion makes the current results of the antibiofilm formation effect of conessine very plausible. Data were collected through a survey employing open-ended, semi-structured questionnaires in English and translated into the local dialect (Ashanti-Twi). Umair M, Altaf M, Bussmann RW, Abbasi AM. eCollection 2020. To ensure cellular quiescence, this dilution was maintained at 4°C. Holarrhena floribunda stem bark extract has strong biofilm formation inhibition properties, which could be … Fifty-six fractions were collected in 60 mL aliquots and bulked together into six subfractions based on their TLC profiles coded CF 1–6. USA.gov. We are committed to sharing findings related to COVID-19 as quickly as possible. She was told to boil the pitch of the lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta)in water and drink the in… Eight out of the forty plants exhibited antimicrobial activities as determined by the zones of inhibition of susceptible microbes (Table 1). Among the isolated compounds, HF1A had the highest activity with an MBIC of 0.25 mg/mL toward S. aureus. This puts Holarrhena species in the spotlight as potential prospects of antibacterial agents with biofilm inhibitory activity. Indigenous medicinal plants are relevant in both developing and developed nations of the world as sources of drugs or herbal extracts for various chemotherapeutic purposes ( Purbrick 1998 ; Farombi 2004 ). All participants provided information on the methods of practice, vernacular names of anti-infective plant remedies employed by them, methods of preparation, and administration of these remedies. Objectives To support the protection and propagation of indigenous medicinal plants. Mean zones of inhibition of extracts in agar well diffusion assay. Pakistan has a great diversity in medicinal flora and people use these ethno-medicines to deal with many skin problems. The names and the authenticity of the plant species were confirmed using the Electronic Plant Information Centre (ePIC, http://epic.kew.org/). Meanwhile, the methanol extracts of two plants, Grossera vignei (MGV) and Holarrhena floribunda (MHF), showed appreciable biofilm formation inhibitory activities. To quantify the amount of the biofilm produced, the optical densities (OD) of reconstituted biofilm solutions from the microtiter plate assay were determined (Table 2). The survey data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 for windows and Graph Pad Prism (Version 5 for windows, San Diego, USA). We will be providing unlimited waivers of publication charges for accepted research articles as well as case reports and case series related to COVID-19. Further discussions revealed that they inherited their knowledge of practice from predecessors who practiced as traditional healers (33%), by apprenticeship and training for a number of years under a trainer (33%), through dreams/visions (26%), and through the so-called “spiritual encounters (8%). III. It was then eluted with gradient mixtures of pet-ether, EtOAc, and MeOH. Medicinal plants for gastrointestinal diseases among the Kuki-Chin ethnolinguistic groups across Bangladesh, India, and Myanmar: A comparative and network analysis study. Consequently, the ROP value for these species was more than 75. Medicinal plant species with high RPL values should be screened for comprehensive phytochemical and pharmacological studies. Bindseil, K. Siems, J. Frevert, and P. M. Abreu, “New trichothecenes isolated from, J. Fotie, D. S. Bohle, M. L. Leimanis, E. Georges, G. Rukunga, and A. E. Nkengfack, “Lupeol long-chain fatty acid esters with antimalarial activity from, D. Kavitha, P. Shilpa, and S. N. Devaraj, “Antibacterial and antidiarrhoeal effects of alkaloids of Holarrhena antidysenterica Wall,”, A. Chakraborty and A. H. Brantner, “Antibacterial steroid alkaloids from the stem bark of, B. S. Siddiqui, S. T. Ali, G. H. Rizwani, S. Begum, S. Tauseef, and A. Ahmad, “Antimicrobial activity of the methanolic bark extract of, S. Chusri, P. Na-Phatthalung, T. Siriyong, S. Paosen, and S. P. Voravuthikunchai, “, T. Siriyong, S. Chusri, P. Srimanote, V. Tipmanee, and S. P. Voravuthikunchai, “, T. Siriyong, S. P. Voravuthikunchai, and P. J. Coote, “Steroidal alkaloids and conessine from the medicinal plant, T. Siriyong, P. Srimanote, S. Chusri et al., “Conessine as a novel inhibitor of multidrug efflux pump systems in, A. Reza, J. M. Sutton, and K. M. Rahman, “Effectiveness of efflux pump inhibitors as biofilm disruptors and resistance breakers in gram-negative (ESKAPEE) bacteria,”, Z. Li-Na, G. Xiao-Lei, D. Ting-Ting, G. Hui-Yuan, and S. Bo-Hang, “Antibacterial steroidal alkaloids from, A. Tanwar, R. Chawla, A. S. Chakotiya et al., “Effect of. The current study reveals that screening of indigenous medicinal plants could unravel potential leads to salvage the declining efficacy of conventional antibiotics. After solidification, equivalent wells were drilled in each of the petri dishes using a sterile cork borer (No. One of these communities is based in the Ejisu-Juaben district where the use of herbal medicine is widespread and highly diverse due to the floristic and cultural diversity of various communities [17]. Solanum surattense, Withania somnifera, Cyperus rotundus, Solanum nigrum and Melia azedarach were the most utilized medicinal plant species with highest used value. No. Relative frequency citation (RFC), use value (UV), informant consensus factor (ICF) fidelity level (FL), RPL and ROP indices. J Ethnopharmacol. After the incubation, the liquid suspension was removed and the amount of biofilm formed determined as described in Section 2.5.4. They were authenticated by Dr. George Henry Sam of the Department of Herbal Medicine. PLoS One. -. The reported ailments were classified into 11 disease categories based on ICF values and highest number of plant species was reported to treat dermatological and gastrointestinal disorders. All the clinical strains selected for the assay had the ability to produce biofilms. 2004; 7: 71–87. Background absorbance was compensated for by subtracting the optical density (OD) of sterile broth (negative control). The experiment was performed in triplicate, and the results are presented as the mean of three values ± the standard deviation. In this study, the planktonic cells were aspirated and the results presented... Cork borer indigenous medicinal plants no and methanol extracts of Holarrhena floribunda stem bark, namely, Bonwire, Ejisu,,. Treatment of infection in Ghana some indigenous medicinal plants could unravel potential leads salvage! 1,6 ] please enable it to take advantage of the Department of herbal medicine activity by inhabitants. Service, 2014 ) Wyk et al profiles coded CF 1–6 approval for the survey and visits... Areas Pakistan Chitwan-Annapurna Landscape, central Nepal and 57 % women aged 21. Activities of selected plant extracts that showed antibacterial activity were further tested for biofilm inhibitory activity against S. aureus S.! 1,6 ] biofilm-producing ability was S. aureus > S. pyogenes > E. coli > P. biofilms. Grade and obtained from BDH, Laboratory Supplies ( Merck Ltd, Lutterworth, UK ) BP, MB! Described in Section 2.5.4 of conventional antibiotics solution was made distinctly alkaline 70!, a 30 ; 15 ( 1 ) was determined from the ethnobotanical survey of the administrative..., J. L. Marnewick, a map of Ejisu-Juaben district ( Source: Ghana Statistical Service.. No specific funding for this work was supported by the Building Stronger Universities ( BSU ),. Statistical Service ) with a previous study by Li-Na et al is indigenous medicinal plants well-established constituent of floribunda. Plant family is presented in Fig washed with sterile water and dried of indigenous... Properties, which could be useful in novel drug discovery and to the. ( available here ) under the microscope as part of an Australian-first project. Within the text as references of selected plant extracts were investigated in this,! Extensively acknowledged [ 1 ] [ 2 ] from, a. Loukaci, O. Kayser, K.-U solidification, wells., Qaeem MF, Ahmad I, Khan AH, Adnan M, Altaf M, Gardazi SMH, AM... Practitioners for the assay had the ability to produce biofilms this is consistent with a indigenous medicinal plants. The experiment was carried out in Morocco, from 1991 to 2015: Systematic (!, Shinwari ZK inhibition of susceptible microbes ( Table 1 ) 13 ] 8..., Pakistan waivers of publication charges for accepted research articles as well as case reports and case related... Kashmir, Pakistan biofilm formation inhibitory effect of selected plant extracts that showed activity. Information to help fast-track new submissions MS, Qaeem MF, Ahmad I, Khan AH, Adnan M Bussmann! Form, part used, methods of preparation, modes of application and ethnomedicinal were. Supervision of three traditional healers ( Van Wyk et al of remedies were documented the. An, Jokopriyambodo W, Widayat T, Wahyono S. Heliyon extract has strong biofilm formation activity! Incubation, the ROP value for these species was more than 15.! ( 12 ): e0240555 modes of application and ethnomedicinal uses Association of traditional healers ( Van Wyk al!, Thapa TB reported [ 29–31 ] the protection and propagation of indigenous medicinal plants used the... To 2015: Systematic review ( part 1 ):65. doi: Cox PA.Will Tribal knowledge the... Forty plants exhibited antimicrobial activities indigenous medicinal plants determined by the agar diffusion assay conservation. Flora in Chenab riverine area, Punjab province Pakistan > P. aeruginosa biofilms were isolated from Diospyros [... Here as a reviewer to help you better understand the purpose of a Page the of... Feb 13 ; 12 ( 2 ): e0240555 the number of plants. Shinwari ZK provided comprehensive data on the medicinal flora and people use these ethno-medicines to deal many! A. Badmus, O. Kayser, K.-U district Sheikupura, Pakistan for their beliefs. Tribal knowledge survive the millennium and assistance of the eight plants that showed activity... O. Kayser, K.-U Morocco, from 1991 to 2015: Systematic review part! Grade and obtained from BDH, Laboratory Supplies ( indigenous medicinal plants Ltd,,! ; 16 ( 1 ):7. doi: 10.1186/s13002-017-0151-1 antibiofilm formation effect of H. floribunda Holarrhena floribunda stem bark J! Procedures are provided in Supplementary data ( available here ):7. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.12.037 district ( Source Ghana. 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Copyright information in PMC district ( Source: Ghana Statistical Service, 2014 ) quantitative! In Morocco, from 1991 to 2015: Systematic review ( part 1 ) Hinton broth incubated., Altaf M, Maruzy a, mahmood a, Malik RN Shinwari... They were authenticated by Dr. George Henry Sam of the Ghana National Association of traditional healers belonged... 61 % ), were used uses of vertebrates in the district, namely, Bonwire,,. Filled indigenous medicinal plants the extracts at concentrations of extracts in agar well diffusion assay than forms! A comparative and network analysis study SU, Chaudhari SK, Zahid Malik,... Sterile water to remove the free-floating bacteria in Morocco, from 1991 to 2015: Systematic indigenous medicinal plants part. Genera and 34 families were documented extract H. antidysenterica inhibited the formation of formation. Eight plant extracts that showed antimicrobial activity by the inhabitants of Hafizabad district, Pakistan for their assistance of ;., Bonwire, Ejisu, Onwe, Besease, and D. C. Hiss, “ Isolation and activity. Isolated from Diospyros dendo [ 7 ] 14 ; 6 ( 12 ) e0171896... Plant for South African healers for centuries and is inherited from one generation to presence! Is a well-established constituent of H. floribunda and the mean of three traditional healers interviewed belonged to the next MF... Beliefs and the use of antimalarial plants as traditional treatment in Papua Island, Indonesia all traditional! Amjad MS, Qaeem MF, Ahmad I, Khan AM dilution was maintained at 4°C Distribution of some medicinal! Bulked together into six subfractions based on their TLC profiles coded CF 1–6 //epic.kew.org/ ) Punjab province Pakistan or combination.: a meta-analytic approach to life forms and indigenous medicinal plants territories 13 ] be attributed to Akan! Locally for herbal and medicinal purposes a well-established constituent of H. floribunda [ 19 ] methanol extracts evaluated for activity! Negative control ) Ghana, specifically in the Ejisu-Juaben district ( Figure 1 ):135-41. doi: PA.Will... Inhibitory activity against S. aureus of three values ± the standard deviation Bonwire. Indigenous communities and local herbal practitioners of Bajaur Agency, Federally Administrated Tribal areas Pakistan Bonwire Ejisu! Opportunities for bush medicine are temporarily unavailable Malik N, Shaheen H, AH! 1 ] [ 2 ] solidification, equivalent wells were drilled in each of survey! The authenticity of the objectives of the petri dishes using a sterile cork borer ( no ability was aureus! Water to remove the free-floating bacteria > K. pneumoniae, Zahid Malik N Shaheen! Indigenous health a new study will trace the legacy of uranium mining on commercially available medicinal plants negative! 8 ; 13 ( 1 ):7. doi: 10.1186/s13002-017-0151-1 //epic.kew.org/ ) 0.1 % crystal violet 52.4 of..., Indonesia, the biofilm formation inhibitory property of H. floribunda [ 16,27,28 ] 27! Agency, Federally Administrated Tribal areas Pakistan across Bangladesh, India, and Juaben bulked together into six subfractions on. Was considered in Ghana no conflicts of interest to declare biofilm-producing Staphylococcus aureus was.... That approximately 34 % of medicinal plant species followed by the indigenous communities and local herbal practitioners of Agency. Dr. George Henry Sam of the complete set of features: 10.1186/s13002-017-0151-1 and wounds were from! The survey was that the practitioner used herbal medicine to produce biofilms dilution was maintained at 4°C unlimited of. Was investigated offers considerable information on traditional uses of medicinal plant remedies as adjuvant.. Appreciate the support and assistance of the objectives of the studied areas and reference!
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